1.40 explain, using dot and cross diagrams, the formation of covalent compounds by electron sharing for the following substances: i hydrogen ii chlorine iii hydrogen chloride iv water v methane vi ammonia vii oxygen viii nitrogen ix carbon dioxide x ethane xi ethene

DOT AND CROSS DIAGRAMS:

- To successfully draw these diagrams you need to draw the outer shell electrons of the atoms involved overlapping one another. Then in the middle you draw the electrons that are shared.

- For example:
HCl

NH3